Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) & Cervical Cancer

August 28, 2024 / Patient Education
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Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) & Cervical Cancer

  1. What is the relation between the two?

    HPV is a known risk factor for Cervical Cancer. HPV is also a known risk factor for other types of cancers stated below.

  2. Do all HPV cause Cervical Cancer?

    There are many types of HPV, not all causes cervical cancer. Approximately 40 types can infect genitals of both men and women. Similarly, not all causes of cervical cancer are due to HPV infection.
    • Type 6 & 11 HPV commonly causes genital warts.
    • Type 16,18,31,33,45, 52 & 58 cause:
      • 90 % of Cervical cancers cases
      • 90% of Anal Cancer cases
      • 90% of Vulva cancer cases
      • 85% of Vaginal cancaer cases

  3. How can I reduce the risk ?

    There is vaccination available for HPV infection. Vaccination is not restricted to only women, in fact men can also get vaccinated. Many countries have established school vaccination programmes for adolescent girls/boys. However, not all vaccines are the same as currently there are a few variants available in the market. Vaccines for the school vaccination programme will depend on availability and approval by governmental bodies.

  4. If I get vaccinated, can I be 100 percent free of HPV infection or cervical cancer?

    The answer is no. While vaccination provides very good cover for infection and reduces the risk significantly, there is no 100 percent protection as there are many other environmental, individual factors that contribute to HPV infection and cervical cancer. Individual differences in age, immunity status may play a role as well. The best combination for risk reduction includes vaccination, regular interval screening, as well as seeing your doctor early for any health problems that you may encounter

  5. How do I check for HPV and Cervical Cancer?

    Different countries will have different recommendations for screening. -The Pap smear (recommendation varies, yearly or two yearly for example) -The HPV DNA Test – by swab (Some goverment centres and most private centres) *The HPV DNA test has a high detection rate and in some countries have replaced traditional pap smear, however the main challenge is a lack of standardization of this test hence at times reliability is at question.

人乳突病毒（HPV）和宫颈癌

  1. 两者之间的关系是什么？

    HPV 是宫颈癌的危险因素 HPV 也是下面所述其他类型的癌症的风险和因素

  2. 所有 HPV 都会导致宫颈癌吗？

    有许多类型的HPV，不是所有的类型都导致宫颈癌。大约40种可以感染男性和女性的生殖器官。同样的，并非所有的宫颈癌病因都是HPV感染引起的。
    • 类型 6 和 11 HPV 通常会导致生殖器疣
    • 类型 16，18，31，33，45，52 和 58 导致：
      • 90%的宫颈癌病例
      • 90%的肛门癌病例
      • 90%的阴唇区癌症病例
      • 85%的阴道病例

  3. 我可以如何降低HPV风险？

    有可用于HPV感染的疫苗接种。接种疫苗不仅限于女性，事实上男性也可以接种疫苗。许多国家为少女/男孩制定了学校疫苗接种方案。然而，并非所有疫苗都一致。 目前市场上有几种不一样保护层次的疫苗。学校疫苗接种方案的疫苗种类将取决于政府机构的提供和批准。

  4. 如果我接种了疫苗，我可以百分之百地没有HPV感染或宫颈癌吗？

    答案是不。虽然接种疫苗为感染提供了很好的掩护并显著降低了风险，但没有百分之百的保护，因为还有许多其他环境因素和个别因素导致HPV感染和宫颈癌。个人年龄差异、免疫力也是因素。降低风险的最佳组合包括接种疫苗、定期筛查，以及提前看医生，了解您可能会遇到的任何健康问题等。

  5. 如何检查HPV和宫颈癌？

    不同的国家将有不同的筛查建议。 -宫颈膜片检查（例如每年） -HPV DNA 测试 – 通过拭子（一些政府中心和大多数私人中心都有提供） *HPV DNA测试的检测率很高，在一些国家已经取代了传统的子宫颈膜片，但主要的挑战是缺乏标准化这种测试，因此有时可靠性受到质疑。